Morristown Lattin, Naas, Co Kildare 

Morristown Lattin, Naas, Co Kildare 

Morristown Lattin, County Kildare, garden front c. 1900 Gillman Collection, Vanishing Country Houses of Ireland by The Knight of Glin, David J. Griffin and Nicholas K. Robinson, published by The Irish Architectural Archive and The Irish Georgian Society, 1988.

Mark Bence-Jones. A Guide to Irish Country Houses (originally published as Burke’s Guide to Country Houses volume 1 Ireland by Burke’s Peerage Ltd. 1978); Revised edition 1988 Constable and Company Ltd, London. 

p. 211. “(Mansfield/IFR) A house originally built 1692 by the Lattin family, of two storeys and a dormered attic, and with a deep one bay projection at either end of its front. By the beginning of C19, the house had undergone various alterations which gave it a somewhat freakish appearance. A four storey tower, crowned with a coat of arms, rose from the middle of th front, in a manner reminiscent of the towers at Gola and Anketill’s Grove, Co. Monaghan; the projections were joined by a single-storey balustraded corridor with Wyatt windows in the centre which was a porch or frontispiece of fluted Doric columns. In 1845,  G.P.L. Mansfield, whose mother was the heiress of the Lattins, remodelled the house in Tudor-Revival style, to the design of an architect named Butler. A new front was added, which, at the ends, is no more than a façade, but which fills the space betweenthe two projections; with a symmetrical row of three stepply pointed and pinnacled gables, oriels and a Tudor-style porch. At the same time, the roof was raised; but it was still carried on the old walls; the new front serves no structural purpose, but is secured to the main building with metal ties running through to the back of the house. A tower was also built at one end of the front, and bow windows, with balconies over them, were added at the back. Tall Tudor-style chimenys. Library divided with columns. The house faces along a straight avenue of trees, which continues on the far side of the road. Sold ca 1980, afterwards badly damaged by fire.” 

Miss Jane Alcock (1674-1764), daughter of William Alcock (d. 1705) of Wilton Castle in County Wexford, she married Pat Lattin (1668-1732), she died aged 90, courtesy Fonsie Mealy July 2018.
Mrs. Mary Mansfield, daughter of George B. O’Kelly of Acton. She married George Patrick Lattin Mansfield (1820-1889) in 1843, d. 1853. Provenance The Mansfield Family, formerly of Morristown Lattin, Naas, Co. Kildare courtesy Fonsie Mealy July 2018.

Listed in Vanishing Country Houses of Ireland by The Knight of Glin, David J. Griffin and Nicholas K. Robinson, published by The Irish Architectural Archive and The Irish Georgian Society, 1988.

… architect William Deane Butler….

http://www.turtlebunbury.com/history/history_family/hist_family_mansfield.html

p. 139. The Lattin family were prominent merchants in Kildare during the 16th and 17th centuries, well known and respected for their patronage of Catholicism. Like their cousins, the More O’Ferralls, they dispatched many sons to fight on the Continent during the late 18th century, losing one in battle in 1789. Patrick Lattin served in the Irish brigade and was a close colleague of Lord Cloncurry. His uncle Jack became the subject of a popular country dance tune, “Jockey Lattin”, following his premature death in 1731. Morristown Lattin was originally built in 1692 and passed by marriage to the Mansfield family in 1836. It featured in the TV series of The Irish RM as the home of Flurry Knox’s mother.

The Lattin family were initially granted lands in Kildare in the reign of King John (1199 – 1216). By the late 16th century they had established themselves as merchants in the area. In 1621 Richard Lattin stood as MP for Naas and founded an asylum in Naas for the support of “four poor women”, according to Burke’s Irish Family Records, which can’t have made that much impact on 17th century Ireland, but good on them anyway. In 1641 the Lattin estate comprised a fairly modest 660 acres around Naas, a house and tenements in the town itself, as well as three castles elsewhere in the area.[1]

p. 140. Like several Pale families, the Lattins remained Roman Catholic during the troubles of the ensuing centuries but somehow retained their lands. Indeed, their poise was so assured that in 1692 they built a new house at Morristown Lattin. The original building featured two storeys with a dormered attic and a deep bay projection at either end of it’s front.[2] In the final decade of the 17th century, they also acquired a Dublin residence in the parish of St Michan’s, Lattin Court (now part of Greek Street).[3]

Richard Lattin’s descendent George (d. 1773) married Catherine Ferrall, a daughter of Ambrose Ferrall. Her brother Richard married Letitia, only daughter of James Moore of Balyna, and so became ancestor of the More O’Ferralls of Balyna (qv). George and Catherine’s younger son Ambrose Lattin died fighting for the Austrian army in Germany in 1789. It seems likely he was fighting alongside his first cousin Major General James O’Ferrall who was also in the Austrian Service and served in the Revolutionary Wars in Turkey and Italy. 

Their eldest son Patrick Lattin was a close friend and aide-de-camp to Count Arthur Dillon, founder of the Dillon Regiment of the Irish Brigade. When Dillon was “dragged out of his cabriolet and murdered by the French soldiers” for his Royalist sympathies in 1794, Lattin, who was in Dillon’s carriage at the time, immediately resigned his commission and returned to live at Morristown. He later returned to Paris and died at his home in the Rue Trudon in 1836. 

Morristown Lattin passed to Patrick’s daughter, Pauline, and her husband Alexander Mansfield. Their descendents would retain the property until the 1980s.

Lord Cloncurry recalled Patrick Lattin in his Memoirs thus:

p. 140. “When he quitted the Irish Brigade, after the murder of le beau Dillon, [Lattin] settled at his house of Morristown-Lattin, and was thenceforward, to the close of his life, almost constantly a near neighbour and a frequent guest of mine at Lyons. He was one of a race now, I believe, extinct. A genuine Irishman in heart and person, his service in France, as an officer of the Irish Brigade, had added to his natural gaiety and warmth of feeling the polish and gallantry of a French gentleman, while his manly figure was set off in full perfection by the air and habits of a soldier of the old school. Light-hearted and joyous, the brilliancy of his wit was never clouded, nor his enjoyment of present mirth ever damped by thoughts of the morrow. When his purse was full he drew upon it without scruple, to gratify his taste for pleasure, or to help a friend; when it was empty, I have known him to sit down, and, in three months’ work, to complete a translation of the Henriade, in order that he might relieve the necessities of an émigré friend with the proceeds of its publication. In the one case and in the other, he was equally blithe, and victorious over care.

What a sparkling collision of wit marked the meetings of Lattin and Curran; and yet his amusing powers seemed still more striking when, at his own house in Paris (where I met him in 1805), he told his tales and launched his repartees alternately in French and English, to the mixed audiences which he used there to assemble round him. No thing, and no person, capable of being made the subject of pleasantry, ever escaped; and yet when a blow was given, it was with a skill and lightness that rendered it harmless to the object. Upon one of those occasions, I recollect a M. de Montmorency, whose Christian name was Anne, making his appearance, and announcing that he was enabled to return to France, in consequence of the First Consul having scratched out his name on the list of émigrés. “A present done,” observed Lattin, “mon cher Anne, tu es un zebre — un ane rayée.”

In one of his hours of industrial activity, Lattin wrote a pamphlet in support of the Catholic claims, which brought him into collision with the notorious Dr. Patrick Duigenan. That zealous partisan replied to Lattin’s brochure with so much of his wonted brutal ferocity, as to place himself within the reach of the law as a libeller. Lattin brought an action against him in Westminster Hall, and was awarded damages to the amount (I think) of £500, by an English jury. This result was the basis of a standing joke between Lattin and me. When he had written the original pamphlet, and shown it to me, he had said he was not then in funds to publish it, which I undertook to do, jestingly conditioning my outlay with a claim for half the profits. I used, accordingly, to demand from him a moiety of the damages, as being part of the proceeds of the venture. Lattin died in Paris about 10 years since”.

At this juncture it is worth taking a short detour into the life of Patrick’s uncle Jack Lattin (1710–1731). Normally the death of a man aged 21 in the 18th century would attract little attention but Sean Donnelly of the County Kildare Archaeological Society has lately unearthed that “the demise of Jack Lattin was far from usual, and the memory of his going remained alive in local and family tradition for nearly two centuries”. Jack Lattin was a gentleman musician during the days of Jonathan Swift. His Catholic family, having survived the 17th century intact, were now facing utter bankruptcy in the face of the Penal Laws. [4]

p. 142. There are various versions of the story. One runs as follows. Jack was raised in Paris with his father, the eloquent wit and raconteur Patrick Lattin. He regularly returned home to see his relatives in Ireland. In his bizarre novel, The Life of John Buncle Esq (1756–1766), the notoriously eccentric author, Thomas Amory, makes reference to a knees up in a Dublin pub called The Conniving House where he encountered “dear Jack Lattin, matchless on the fiddle, and the most agreeable of companions; … and many other delightful fellows; who went in the days of their youth to the shades of eternity”. One summer’s day in 1731, Jack danced his way along some 8 miles of road between Morristown Lattin and Castle Browne (now Clongowes), only to drop dead of exhaustion when he arrived.[5] Exactly why – or indeed if – Jack headed off on his fatal marathon dance is unknown.[6] Many say it was a wager that went wrong. Jack’s name was however enshrined in the title of a popular country dance tune, “Jockey Lattin”, that arose shortly after his death and earned him a nod in James Joyce’s Ulysses. (The dance was going strong from at least as early as 1749.)

p. 143. 

Jack Lattin dressed in satin
Broke his heart of dancing
He danced from Castle Browne
To Morristown.

Footnotes

[1] The principal holding was Morristown Moynagh (400 acres), later renamed Morristown Lattin. The name survives in the present townlands of Morristown and Lattinsbog.

[2] It was subsequently extended in the early Georgian period to include a four-storey tower, crowned with a coat-of-arms, which rose from the middle of the front, like the towers at Gola and Ancketill’s Grove, Co. Monaghan. The projections were joined by a single-storey balustraded corridor with Wyatt windows and a porch of fluted Doric columns.

[3] They retained this house until 1737, by which time they also had other property in nearby Capel Street.

[4] “ The Strange Fate of John Lattin of Morristown Lattin” (1731), Sean Donnelly, Journal of County Kildare Archaeological Society xviii, 4 (1998-9), 565-88

[5] Castle Browne was the original name for Clongowes Wood Boarding School. The old castle was owned by the Browne family from 1667 until General Michael Wogan Browne sold it to the Society of Jesus to in 1813. 

[6] Traditionally, a long distance dance in Ireland – or rince fada – is danced on May Eve or May Day to welcome summer. Often this involved young women carrying large garlands of flowers by way of a greeting to important persons, such as the return of a landlord after a long absence.

Mansfield of Morristown Lattin

p. 139FROM ‘THE LANDED GENTRY & ARISTOCRACY OF CO. KILDARE’ BY TURTLE BUNBURY & ART KAVANAGH (IRISH FAMILY NAMES, 2004).

The Mansfield family have been in Ireland at least since the 12th century when they made their presence known in Co. Waterford. Penalized for their Catholicism in the 17th century, fortune returned when they married the sole heiresses of the Eustaces of Yeomanstown House and the Lattins of Morristown Lattin. During the 1840s they acquired a curious attachment to the Danish colony of St. Croix in the Virgin Islands. Latter day characters closely associated with the family include the parachuter Major Richard Mansfield, children’s author Brownie Downing, Fine Gael politician Gerard Sweetman. Morristown Lattin was sold in 1982 and is now owned by Constance Cassidy and Eddie Walsh.

The de Mandeville family – “de Magna Villa” in Latin – was one of the families that accompanied William the Conqueror from Normandy to England in the late 11th century. From 1210, when Martin de Maundeville was a witness to Ratoath Charter, the name is found in the medieval records of Co. Meath. A branch of the family later settled in Waterford and Tipperary and adopted the name Mansfield. In the reign of Queen Elizabeth, Edmund Mansfield of Killingford, County Waterford, secured for a bride one of Ireland’s more lucrative daughters in the shape of Catherine Fitzgerald, daughter of John FitzGerald of Dromana, Lord of the Decies, and granddaughter of Maurice Fitzgibbon, The White Knight. The couple do not appear to have had a son and were thus succeeded by their daughter, Mrs. Margaret Mansfield. In 1599, she married her cousin, Walter Mansfield, with whom she settled on part of Sir Walter Raleigh’s Waterford estate at Ballinamultina.

p. 140. As Catholics, the Mansfields of Ballinamultina kept a low profile for much of the 17th century but Mrs. Mansfield’s grandson and ultimate heir, Walter Mansfield, was listed as one of the “Forty Nine Officers” (or Commissioned Officers) who fought against Cromwell in the Confederate Wars of the 1640s. In 1649, Walter’s property was confiscated and he was transplanted to Connaught. Upon the Restoration, Walter’s son Richard recovered a portion of the family estate. He married Dorothea Hore of Shandon, Co. Waterford; her family had also been transplanted to Connaught during the Cromwellian era.

The Kildare connection begins with the marriage of Richard and Dorothea’s eldest son John Mansfield to Jane, daughter and sole heiress of James Eustace of Yeomanstown House at Carragh outside Naas in Co. Kildare. A prominent Catholic dynasty in the early Tudor period, the Eustaces had fallen from grace in the 1580s when the head of the family, Viscount Baltinglass, led an ill-fated revolt against Queen Elizabeth.[1]

In about 1780, John and Jane Mansfield’s grandson John succeeded to the Eustaces property at Yeomanstown and relocated the principal branch of the Mansfield family to Kildare. He married Elizabeth Woulfe, daughter of Walter Woulfe of Rathgormack, Co. Waterford. In 1817, their eldest son Alexander Mansfield (1786- 1842) married Paulina Lattin, only child and sole heiress of the Irish Patriot, Patrick Lattin of Morristown Lattin. Lattin’s wife Elizabeth was daughter and heiress of Robert Snow of Drumdowny, Co. Kilkenny.[2]

Alexander and Pauline Mansfield had five sons and a daughter. One of the younger sons Alexander (1825 – 1901) was a barrister in England and married Maria Howley, eldest daughter of Sir John Howley, the Queen’s Prime Serjeant in Ireland.[3] When Sir John was laid to rest in Glasnevin Cemetery in 1866, his epitaph bore the words “a sound lawyer and an honest man”. A passer by enquired of a friend, “I wonder why two men were buried together.” 

Another son Captain William Mansfield died fighting for the British in the battle of Sebastopol in June 1855. The younger sons Richard (1829 – 1893) and Edmund (1833 – 1914) remained bachelors and served as Majors of the Kildare and Dublin Militia respectively. The daughter Eliza (1819 – 1877) was married in 1837 to George Thunder, fourth son of Patrick Thunder of Lagore, co. Meath.[4]

The eldest of Alexander and Pauline Mansfield sons was George PL Mansfield (1820–1889), sometime Deputy Lieutenant and High Sheriff (1851) for County Kildare. On 30th November 1843, he married Mary O’Kelly, youngest daughter and co-heiress of George Bourke O’Kelly (1760 – 1843), a wealthy sugar planter based on the Danish island of St. Croix in the present day Virgin Islands.[5] Mary’s mother was Mary de Pentheneny, a descendent of an old Anglo-Norman family settled in Louth and Meath. There may be a connection between George Kelly and the charismatic Marquess of Sligo who was dispatched as Governor of Jamaica to oversee the abolition of slavery in 1834. Known as “The Emancipator of Slavery”, the Marquess acquired several sugar plantations in the West Indies from his grandmother, the heiress Elizabeth Kelly.

Mary Mansfield’s brother Edmund de Penthheny O’Kelly succeeded to Barretstown, Co. Kildare, and married a niece of the 9th Baron Arundell, a prominent Catholic Englishman. Her sisters Adelaide and Eleanor married Oscar and Harold Oxholm, two brothers from a distinguished Danish family also involved with St Croix. Their grandfather Peter Lotharius Oxholm was sent to the West Indies by the Danish government in 1778 with orders to map all fortifications in the islands and recommend improvements should the American War of Independence spread. Oxholm subsequently married into a prominent St. Croix family and settled down as a sugar planter. The British seized the island during the Napoleonic Wars but, on its return to Denmark in November 1815, Oxholm was installed as Governor General. His son Frederick was Governor of the neighbouring islands of St John and St Thomas from 1834–1836 and 1848–1852. He also served as Governor of St Croix from July – November 1848.

In 1845, two years after his marriage, George began to substantially renovate and extend Morristown Lattin to its present proportions. The house was remodelled in Tudor-Revival style to the design of an architect named Butler. The new house boasted tall Tudor-style chimneys, bow windows, a library divided by columns and a fine Tudor porch.[6] It faced onto a straight avenue of trees more than a mile long, a fitting entrance to what was now one of the largest estates in Ireland. For afficionados of ‘The Irish RM’, this is the house used as Mrs. Knox’s pile “Assolas“. (Thanks James Grogan). It is also, as Peter Sweetman observed in 2014, astonishingly similar to Lisnavagh House, the Bunbury’s casa in County Carlow.

On the eve of the Great Famine, George owned more than 5,000 acres of land in Co. Kildare and was the second largest landowner in the county after Lord Mayo’s 6,000 acres. This included the home farm of Barrettstown and substantial acreages of surrounding bogland. These lands were re-granted to local farmers in conjunction with the Land Reform Acts in the late 19th and early 20th century.

On 12th February 1845, Mary gave birth to a son, George. Two daughters, Pauline and Maude followed. In June 1853, Mary died, leaving her 33-year-old husband an eight year old boy and two small girls. Pauline died aged seven the following January. Young George was educated at Stonyhurst, a Catholic boarding school in Lancashire. On 2nd August 1877 he married Alice Adele eldest daughter of Baron d’Audebard de Ferussac of Paris. The Baron was a scientist of considerable repute so no doubt young George’s time spent star-gazing in the famous Stonyhursy Observatory stood him in good repute when it came to courting the young Parisian lady. Maude (1850 – 1921) never married but lived at Dublin’s Earlsfort Terrace and it was she who was able to explain the origin of the “Jack Lattin” dance.

Like his father, George served as both High Sheriff (1874) and Deputy Lieutenant for County Kildare. He was serving in the latter capacity when the Great War broke out in 1914. The following year he and Sir Anthony Weldon, Lord Lieutenant for the county, expressed their absolute opposition to British plans to enforce conscription in Ireland. They set up a committee to raise sufficient numbers so that “no question can arise as to the loyalty of the County Kildare” with regard to those willing to “join their brethren at the front”. George died on 5th Jan 1929; his French widow survived him until 12th March 1934.

George and Alice had four sons, Eustace, Henry, Alexander and Tirso, and two daughters, Mary and Marguerite.[7] The eldest son Captain Eustace Mansfield was born on 5th November 1879 and, like his father, educated at Stoneyhurst. On 26th Jan 1911 he married Mabel Paget, third daughter of Thomas Guy Paget of Ibstock and Humberstone, Leicester. He served with the Royal Dublin Fusiliers during the Great War. He died on 14th April 1945; Mabel on 20th May 1949. They left a son George PL Mansfield and two daughters, Rosalind and Elizabeth.

Captain Mansfield’s second brother Henry (1881 – 1948) won an OBE in 1918 and rose to become a Lieutenant Colonel in the Royal Artillery. He was also a Knight of Malta. On 9th Jan 1913 he married Alice, eldest daughter of Daniel Cronin-Coltsmann of Glenflesk Castle, Killareny, Co. Kerry.[8] They lived at Barrettstown House outside Newbridge, which later passed to his nephew, John Lattin Mansfield. The third brother Alexander Lattin Mansfield married Alice More-O’Ferrall, youngest daughter of Ambrose More O’Ferrall of Balyna (qv), but died of pneumonia at Hainault, Foxrock, Co. Dublin, aged 33 on 14th July 1915.[9]

On 26th June 1918, the youngest brother Tirso Mansfield (1888–1962) married Helen Farrell, fifth daughter of Joseph Farrell, DL, JP of Moynalty House, Kells, Co. Meath. Their son Major Richard Mansfield served with the Royal Army Service Corps and Parachute Regiment in World War Two. Another of Tirso’s sons, John Lattin Mansfield, now resident in the south of France, married the beautiful Australian author-artist Brownie Downing (1824–1995). She was probably best known for the children’s story, “Tinka and His Friends”, which sold 60,000 copies in the 1950s and won The Daily Telegraph Children’s Book of the Year Award. In 1963, John and Brownie went to live at Barrettstown House where they remained until 1970, when they relocated to a yacht in Majorca. They had two sons, Tim Mansfield (who sadly passed away in Australia on 19 August 2019, aged 64) and Beau Mansfield. Tim had some amusing recollections of his time here written in his diary when he was 15.

Tuesday 9th June 1970

Had a very bad thunderstorm today at 4 p.m., the drawing room was

Flooded (due to the hole in the ceiling which John never fixed), the tower was hit 6 times by lightning. Found Mary (the maid) under a table in the dark with a fag in her mouth saying her Hail Mary’s.

Wednesday 12th August

Charles (my brother) leaving for Australia on Friday. Flight booked and all. Bags packed. Pat Cullen and Daphne were here and we had a booze-up in Charles’ honour. John got pretty drunk. Charles and John got swords down off the walls in the main hall and had a mock swordfight which turned almost real and resulted in Charles knocking one of John’s teeth out with the hilt of his sword (John was delighted as he said it was rotten anyway and saves him going to the dentist), otherwise it was a good night. John gave Charles a Georgian silver cigarette case and Mansfield crested brandy bottle also silver.

Captain Eustace Mansfield’s eldest son, Patrick Lattin Mansfield, was born on 1st February 1921 and educated at Eton and Trinity College Cambridge. He served in World War Two as a lieutenant in the Royal Artillery, before returning to Cambridge to complete his Masters degree. On 16th May 1972 he married Elizabeth Kean, daughter of Douglas James Kean of Summerfield, Beaconsfield, Bucks. They now live in Scotland with their son, Alexander, born 29th May 1974, and two daughters.

Patrick’s eldest sister Rosalind was born on 28th April 1915. On 17th April 1941 she married the Fine Gael politician Gerard Sweetman, Minister for Finance between 1954 and 1957. Gerard, who lived at Longtown House in Sallins, Co. Kildare, was killed in a motor crash in January 1970. Mrs. Sweetman was also killed in a car accident in Spain some years later. Her younger sister Elizabeth was born on 7th Sept 1924 and, in 1953, married Robert William McKeever of Kildemcok, Ardee, co. Louth.

Morristown Lattin was sold to Dublin businessman Oliver Caffrey in 1982. An electrical fault shortly afterwards caused the entire left wing of Morristown Lattin to burn down. Tim Mansfield recalls that “not a lot was lost as it was already damp and unused but there was at least one valuable French wall tapestry destroyed, that I remember”. In 1992 the house was purchased by the barristers Eddie Walsh and Constance Cassidy, who gained much media attention in September 2003 when they purchased the Gore-Booth family home of Lissadell, Co. Sligo.

FOOTNOTES

[1] The Eustaces remained Catholic throughout the Penal times. Even as late as 1731, there is evidence of the family building a House of Refuge on their lands at Yeomanstown.

[2] Alexander’s younger brother Walter (d. 1849) succeeded to both Yeomanstown and the Woulfe’s family home at Rathgormack. In 1813, he married Frances, daughter of Owen MacDermott of Great Denmark Street in Dublin. They had six sons and three daughters. Yeomanstown was later sold to the Gill family. Jane Gill married Andrew Moore and sold the main house to Gay O’Callaghan. The Moores then lived at Yeomanstown Lodge, now home to their eldest daughter Gillian.

[3] Sir John presided as Chairman of Quarter Sessions for Tipperary between 1835 to 1865. A contemporary described him as “a most estimable and philanthropic person”.

[4] Their son Lattin Thunder (1838 – 1900) served as JP for County Meath.

[5] George Bourke O’Kelly also resided at Acton House on London’s Horn Lane. Built for the Cromwellian General, Philip Skippen in the 1640s, Acton House was acquired by the Catholic building magnate Nicholas Selby in the late 18th century. He leased it to the O’Kellys – or Kellys, as they were called at this time – until their move to St Croix shortly after Selby’s death in 1834. In 1881, Acton house belonged to Colonel Ross.

Chancery Records for the West Indies refer to an Edmond Kelly Sr. and his wife Ursula being at St. Croix on 23rd February 1778.

[6] “A new front was added, which at the ends, is no more than a facade; but which fills the space between the two projections; with a symmetrical row of three steeply pointed and pinnacled gables, oriels and a Tudor-style porch. At the same time, the roof was raised, but it was still carried on the old wall. The new front served no structural purpose but was secured to the main building with metal ties running through to the back of the house. A tower was also built at one end of the front, and bow windows, with balconies over them, were added at the back. The house boasted a Library divided by columns”. A Guide to Irish Country Houses, Mark Bence-Jones.

[7] On 30th December 1913, the eldest daughter Mary married Thomas Esmonde. Her husband’s father, Lieutenant Colonel Thomas Esmonde, Royal Irish Regiment, won a Victoria Cross at Sebastopol, the same battle in which her great uncle William Mansfield perished. The younger Thomas Esmonde was lost at sea on 10th October 1918. Mary lived on until 10th March 1963.

The younger daughter Marguerite (1883 – 1939) was married twice. Her first husband (1905) was Richard Morton Wood, 6th Inniskilling Dragoons, eldest son of Colonel George Wilding Wood of Docklands, Ingatestone, in Essex. He died without male heir on 6th January 1908. In 1911, she married Edward Nettlefold of Brightwell Park, Wallington, Surrey. He was seriously wounded in the war but survived to become a Lieutenant Colonel of the 5th Dragoons.

[8] Alice Mansfield (nee Cronin-Coltsmann) died on 2nd December 1965.[9] Alice Mansfield (nee More O’Ferral) died on 31st March 1962, leaving a son and a daughter.

Wilton Castle, Bree, Enniscorthy, Co. Wexford Y21 V9P9 – section 482

Tourist Accommodation Facility – not open to visitors, overnight guests only

www.wiltoncastleireland.com
Open for accommodation: all year

Wilton Castle. Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com
Wilton Castle, November 2021. Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com

We treated ourselves to a stay in Wilton Castle in November in 2021. Having been gutted in a fire in 1923, it stood as a dramatic ruin until the Windsors purchased and began to refurbish it into luxurious accommodation. The current restoration was completed in 2014. So far just half of it has been rebuilt, the rest has been stabilised but remains empty and without a roof. The work which has been done by the Windsors is incredible – it seems to have been rebuilt to a very high standard. I’m not sure if they intend to continue to rebuild the rest of the castle.

Wilton Castle was designed for Harry Alcock (1792-1840) by Daniel Robertson (d. 1849) in 1836-38, subsuming parts of an earlier castle and house.

The area was previously known as Clogh na Kayer (The Castle of the Sheep). Herbert Hore writes in History of the Town and County of Wexford that an ancient Castle of Cloghnakayer was built in the fourteenth century. The De Dene family owned the land until 1354, when an only daughter married Philip Furlong whose descendant, Sir Fulke Furlong, knight, of Horetown, built a castle around 1410. 

The land then passed to the Butlers of Mountgarret. Edward Butler, Baron of Kayer (eldest son of Pierce, second son of Richard 1st Viscount Mountgarret) rebuilt and restored the ancient Castle, and added a mansion house to it in 1599. [1]

The view from our suite. Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com

Edward Butler’s son, Pierce, inherited. Pierce Butler was a Catholic and a supporter of the monarchy and his land was confiscated by the Cromwellian parliament in 1655 and granted to a Cromwellian soldier, Captain Robert Thornhill. Captain Robert’s son sold the estate in 1695 to William Alcock (d. 1705) of Downpatrick, County Down. [2]

Miss Jane Alcock (1674-1764), daughter of William Alcock (d. 1705) of Wilton Castle in County Wexford, she married Pat Lattin (1668-1732), she died aged 90, courtesy Fonsie Mealy July 2018.

Herbert Hore tells us that William Alcock rebuilt the castle, and called it Wilton. It was this castle that was subsumed in Daniel Robertson’s design for Harry Alcock. Herbert Hore writes that “the late Colonel Alcock [Harry, (1821-93)] told me that some of the walls of the ancient Castle of the Butlers are incorporated in the present building.”

Robert O’Byrne writes: “William Alcock built a new residence for himself on the site of an old castle, and this was occupied by his descendants for several generations. A handsome classical doorcase of granite with segmental pediment above fluted pilasters survives on the façade of the former steward’s house at Wilton to indicate the appearance of the original Alcock house, dismissed by Martin Doyle in his 1868 book on the county as being ‘in the dull style of William and Mary.’ ” [3]

A handsome classical doorcase of granite with segmental pediment above fluted pilasters survives on the façade of the former steward’s house at Wilton to indicate the appearance of the original Alcock house.” Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com
The former steward’s house, in the stable yard below Wilton Castle. Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com

A daughter of William and his wife Jane nee Bamber of Bamber Hall of Lancaster, England, married Patrick Lattin and was the mother of the famous Jack Lattin of Morristown Lattin, County Kildare, who danced himself to death!

The estate passed to William Alcock’s son, another William Alcock (1681-1739), then to his son, Col. William Alcock (d. 1779) (Colonel in the Waterford Militia). He married Mary Loftus of Loftus Hall, County Wexford, daughter of Nicholas Loftus, 1st Viscount Loftus of Ely and his wife Anne Ponsonby, daughter of William Ponsonby, 1st Viscount Duncannon.

Loftus Hall, the home of Mary Loftus, wife of William Alcock (d. 1779). Photograph from the National Inventory of Architectural Heritage.

Wilton then passed to his son, Henry Alcock (d. 1811). Henry Alcock married Elizabeth Katherine Ussher, daughter of Beverly Ussher of Kilmeadon, County Waterford, who was a long term MP for County Waterford. Henry Alcock also served as an MP for Waterford. Elizabeth Katherine’s sister Mary also married an MP, John Congreve of Mount Congreve in Waterford (which has beautiful gardens open to the public, although temporarily closed – I wonder if the house is to be opened also?).

The estate then passed to his son, William Congreve Alcock (1771-1812). William competed in the general election of 1807 against John Colclough of Tintern Abbey (son of Vesey Colclough, MP for County Wexford). Unfortunately they decided to settle a dispute by a duel, and William shot and killed John. John had been engaged to a sister of William’s. William was tried for murder but acquitted. He never got over the incident however and it affected his mental health and he died five years later. [4] Thus Wilton Castle passed to his brother, Harry Alcock (1792-1840).

In 1818 Harry Alcock married Margaret Elinor Savage, daughter of James Savage of Kilgibbon, County Wexford (this house is now a ruin). He then engaged Daniel Robertson in 1837 to renovate Wilton House, which became Wilton Castle. The newer house was built in front of the older Wilton House.

The older Wilton House, covered in weather-slating, is visible at the back of Wilton Castle. Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com

The details of Daniel Robertson’s training are not known. He struggled with bankruptcy for a large part of his life and moved from working in Oxford in England to Ireland, at the urging of his father-in-law. The Dictionary of Irish Architects tells us:

From the early 1830s he did no further work in Britain but received a series of commissions in Ireland, mainly for country house work in the south eastern counties. Most of these houses or additions were in the Tudor style, which, he asserted in a letter to a client, Henry Faulkner, of Castletown, Co. Carlow, was ‘still so new and so little understood in Ireland’. For some of them he used Martin Day as his executant architect. In spite of his success in attracting commissions, when he was working at Powerscourt in the early 1840s he was, in the words of Lord Powerscourt, ‘always in debt and…used to hide in the domes of the roof of the house’ to escape the Sheriff’s officers who pursued him. By then he was crippled with gout and in an advanced state of alcoholism; at Powerscourt he ‘used to be wheeled out on the terrace in a wheelbarrow with a bottle of sherry, and as long as that lasted he was able to design and direct the workmen, but when the sherry was finished he collapsed and was incapable of working till the drunken fit had evaporated.’ In at least two instances – at Powerscourt and at Lisnavagh – he lived on the premises while work was in progress, and it seems that from the 1830s until the year of his death his wife and family never settled for any time in Ireland… Robertson was overseeing the completion of Lisnavagh, Co. Carlow, where he had been living intermittently since the start of building in 1846, when he fell seriously ill in the spring of 1849” and died in September of that year. [5]

Ballydarton House, County Carlow, also designed by Daniel Robertson, in 1830. Photograph from the National Inventory of Architectural Heritage.
Dunleckney Manor, County Carlow, by Daniel Robertson, 1835. Photograph from the National Inventory of Architectural Heritage.

Daniel Robertson also designed the nearby Johnstown Castle in County Wexford. We visited Johnstown Castle also but unfortunately it was closed the only day we were in Wexford, as they were taking down Hallowe’en decorations from a special event! Such a pity we weren’t able to see the inside of the castle yet, but we shall certainly visit again.

Johnstown Castle is described in the National Inventory of Architectural Heritage: “the construction in a blue-green rubble stone offset by glimmering Mount Leinster granite dressings not only demonstrating good quality workmanship, but also producing a sober two-tone palette.” [6] Wilton Castle also has Mount Leinster granite dressings. It was covered however in white lime plaster – which has been reinstated on the renovated part of the castle.

The lakeside facade of Johnstown Castle, County Wexford, built 1836-72 for Hamilton Knox Grogan Morgan (1808-54), MP, also by Daniel Robertson – it has remarkable similarities to Wilton Castle. It envelops a seventeenth-century house (perhaps by Thomas Hopper) [7] remodelled (1810-4) by James Pain (1779-1877) of Limerick. Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com
Johnstown Castle overlooks a beautiful lake. Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com

Harry’s daughter Henrietta married William Russell Farmar who also had a house built by Daniel Robertson: Bloomfield in County Wexford.

Bloomfield, a country house erected for William Russell Farmar JP (1802-71) to a design by Daniel Robertson. Photograph from National Inventory of Architectural Heritage.

Another daughter, Sarah, married Thomas John Fetherston, 5th Baronet, of Ardagh, County Longford (the house is now in use as training college, St. Brigid’s Training College, by the Sisters of Mercy).

Harry’s son, another Harry Alcock (1821-93), inherited Wilton Castle and the estate. He served as High Sheriff of Wexford in 1846 and was Lt-Col. of the Wexford Militia.  He continued the building work, which finished in 1844, adding the large square four storey tower with its elaborate balconies. He also improved the surrounding estate. He increased the plantation of trees and implemented a programme of road construction, fence building and draining of land which was carried out as Famine relief work. [8]

Wilton Castle, November 2021. Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com

Wilton Castle, when designed by Daniel Robertson, consisted of a three-storey main block and two-storey wing, all dominated by a tall square tower at one end and a tall polygonal tower and turret at the other, and it is heavily machicolated and battlemented. It is the two storey wing which has been renovated for accommodation.

The tall square tower is at one end of Wilton Castle, on the three storey section. Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com

Harry Alcock died unmarried in 1893 and the estate (some 7,000 acres in the 1870s) passed to his nephew, Philip Clayton Alcock (1861-1949), son of Harry’s brother Philip Savage Alcock (1828-86) of Park House on the Wilton estate and his wife Katherine Annette Browne-Clayton of Carrickbyrne Lodge in County Wexford. Philip Clayton Alcock was a Captain in the Gloucestershire Regiment, and in 1900 High Sheriff of Wexford, but by 1922 he felt it was too dangerous to remain at Wilton and moved to England. In 1923 his fears about his Irish property were justified when Wilton Castle was burned by arsonists. [9]

A contemporary account in the Irish Times, 7 March 1923 tells us about the burning: “Wilton Castle, the residence of Captain P.C. Alcock, about three miles from Enniscorthy, was burned by armed men on Monday night. Nothing remains of the beautiful building but smoke-begrimed, roofless walls, broken windows, and a heap of smouldering debris. The Castle was occupied by a caretaker – Mr. James Stynes – the owner, with his wife and family, having gone to England about a year ago. Shortly after 9 o’clock on Monday night the caretaker was at the Steward’s residence…when he was approached by armed men, who demanded the keys to the Castle. When he asked why they wanted the keys, one of the armed men said: “We have come to burn the place. We are sorry”. The raiders told the caretaker that he could remove his personal belongings from the part of the Castle that he occupied, but they would not allow him to remove the furniture. Fearing that the Castle might be burned, however, Captain Alcock had removed the most valuable portion of his furniture some weeks ago, but a good many rooms were left furnished. When the caretaker had removed his property he was ordered back to the Steward’s house. Soon the noise of breaking glass was heard. It appears that the armed men broke all the windows on the ground floor, and having sprinkled the floors with petrol, set them alight. They did not hurry over their work of destruction, and they did not leave the Castle until near 12 o’clock, when the building was enveloped in flames. About thirty men took part in the raid. After the raiders left, the caretaker and Steward, with what help they could procure, tried to extinguish the flames, but their effort was hopeless”. [10]

Photograph from the National Inventory of Architectural Heritage of Wilton Castle before renovation.
The tall polygonal tower and telescoping turret at the other end of Wilton Castle, on the two storey section of the castle, which has been renovated and faced in a creamy white lime plaster to distinguish it from the section which remains a ruin. Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com

Wilton Castle was built on a moated platform surrounded by parapet walls and sham fortifications.

The moated area, in front of the castle. Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com
One of the little fortification towers along the moat in front of the castle. Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com
Area in front of the castle, with another of the fortification towers and the moated area (not filled with water) lies on the far side of the low wall. Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com
The windows of Wilton Castle are arched and paired and have hood mouldings; the roof has crenellations. Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com
The side of Wilton Castle. Note the fine stone chimneys. The octagonal turret on the south west corner of Wilton Castle is built entirely of Mount Leinster granite and contains 182 cubic ft of stone or approx 13.5 ton in weight. [11] Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com
Wilton Castle, November 2021. Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com

In the three storey section of the castle, there is a beautiful carved doorcase, and an oriel window over it with delicate stone tracery and crenellations on top of the windowframe. Mark Bence-Jones defines an oriel window as “a large projecting window in Gothic, Tudor, Gothic-Revival and Tudor-Revival architecture; sometimes rising through two or more storeys, sometimes in an upper storey only and carried on corbelling.” [12] There is a similar oriel window at Johnstown Castle, which is only one storey high.

The beautifully carved Tudor-style doorcase at Wilton Castle. Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com
The carved doorcase and oriel window of Wilton Castle. Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com

At Wilton Castle there are double sets of sidelight windows either side of the doorcase, with arched carved window frames.

The Oriel window at Johnstown Castle, similar to that at Wilton Castle though the one at Wilton Castle is double-height. Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com

I was most excited to discover that we could explore the ruined part of the castle as it has been stabilised securely. It was wonderful to explore the detail.

The tower of the ruined part of Wilton Castle. It has wonderful balconies on heavy stone corbels with Gothic tracery windows. Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com
The oriel window and doorcase as seen from inside Wilton Castle. Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com
Wilton Castle. Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com
Wilton castle. Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com
Wilton Castle, November 2021. Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com

We kept discovering more. Pictures from the front of the castle do not do it justice. The land drops down behind the castle to the River Boro, to reveal beautiful pastoral views from the back windows of the castle.

The view over the river from inside the ruin of Wilton Castle. Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com
Wilton Castle. Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com
The River Boro running along the back of Wilton Castle. Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com
There are lots of stone corbels. Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com
The spiral staircase inside the round tower at the back of the castle which joins the older Wilton House to the rest of the Castle. Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com
The view from the interior spiral staircase inside the ruin, of the river side of the castle and down toward the steward’s house. Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com

One can walk down to the river and more of the detail of the castle is revealed from behind. We found a warren of tunnels to one side on a level below the castle.

The tunnel from the castle level down to the farmyard. Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com
In this photograph you can see the side of the castle, and the path below. The river lies below that. Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com
The tunnels to the side of Wilton Castle, at the lower level. Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com

The tunnels provided quick access for servants to different parts of the castle, stable yard and grounds. There were cellars for wine and storage areas for food. Cast iron grilles let natural light and air into the tunnels. [13]

The entrances to the tunnels are in this stone wall. Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com
Entrances to the tunnels, in the stone wall. Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com
Wilton Castle. Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com
The riverside facade of Wilton Castle. The three storey section in the back – which is part of the older Alcock house – is covered in weather-slating tiles. The round tower contains the spiral staircase which I climbed inside the ruin. Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com
It was only when we explored around the river side of Wilton Castle that we realised the extent of its size and the beauty of its surroundings. Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com
Wilton Castle. Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com
The older section of Wilton Castle, formerly Wilton House. Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com
From the path along the river side of the castle, one can climb back up these stairs, to discover a picnic area! Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com
The picnic area. Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com
Wilton Castle. Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com
From the picnic area, you can see the full height of the square tower. Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com
More wonderful balconies and tracery windows in the square tower, seen from the river side. Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com

After the fire, the Alcocks were unable to rebuild as the house had not been insured. The lands were redistributed by the Irish Lands Commission, and the castle and land was purchased by local farmer, Sean Windsor.

When we arrived we were welcomed and brought inside the renovated section of the castle. It opens into a nicely tiled hallway.

Wilton Castle, November 2021. Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com

The accommodation consists of four suites, one of which has a large entertaining space. Two suites are upstairs and two downstairs, with the large one being downstairs. Our accommodation was upstairs.

Wilton castle. Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com
The upstairs hallway. Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com

Our accommodation was a suite, with sitting room, fully stocked kitchen, bathroom with walk-in shower, and bedroom. The sitting room and bedroom have beautiful wallpaper.

Wilton castle. Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com
Wilton Castle. Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com
Our bedroom had a lovely Chinese style wallpaper. Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com
Wilton Castle. Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com
Wilton Castle. Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com
Wilton Castle, November 2021. Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com

Our bathroom was in the round tower of the castle!

Wilton Castle. Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com
While our suite had a walk-in shower, the suite in the floor below has a bath. Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com

Our host showed us the larger suite downstairs that has room for a party. The double doors in the room open up to the view of the river below, onto a fine sweep of steps.

Wilton Castle. Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com
The double doors from the entertainment suite. Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com
The larger entertainment suite. Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com
Wilton Castle, November 2021. Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com

The accommodation is more pricey than we can usually afford but for a romantic getaway it is hard to beat! It’s very quiet. There seemed to be one other suite occupied when we were there, but we never saw or heard the inhabitants. The Windsors live in a house next door. We chose to have breakfast provided, which was brought to us on a tray in the morning. We used the kitchen facilities one evening to make our dinner, and the next night, ordered a delivery from nearby Enniscorthy, which was delivered to the castle!

donation

Help me to pay the entrance fee to one of the houses on this website. This site is created purely out of love for the subject and I receive no payment so any donation is appreciated!

€15.00

[1] p.560-561, Hore, Herbert. History of the Town and County of Wexford, Volume 6, ed. Philip Hore, pub. 1901-1911. Reference from http://butlerancestryireland.blogspot.com/2012/11/butlers-co-wexford-ch1-richard-1stviscount-mountgarrett.html

There is also an excellent history of the early days of the area on the Bree Heritage website, https://breeheritage.com/2015/02/27/the-early-history-of-wilton-castle-bree-co-wexford/

[2] https://landedfamilies.blogspot.com/search/label/Wexford

[3] https://theirishaesthete.com/2018/05/21/wilton-castle/

[4] For more on this, see the chapter in The Wexford Gentry by Art Kavanagh and Rory Murphy. Published by Irish Family Names, Bunclody, Co Wexford, Ireland, 1994.

[5] https://www.dia.ie/architects/view/4570/ROBERTSON%2C+DANIEL#tab_biography

[6] https://www.buildingsofireland.ie/buildings-search/building/15704226/johnstown-castle-johnstown-fo-by-co-wexford

[7] https://www.archiseek.com/2014/johnstown-castle-county-wexford/

[8] p. 130, Hicks, David. Irish Country Houses: A Chronicle of Change. The Collins Press, Cork, 2012.

[9] https://landedfamilies.blogspot.com/search/label/Wexford

[10] https://www.archiseek.com/2015/1838-wilton-castle-co-wexford/

[11] Note taken from the Wilton Castle facebook page, where you can see the progress of restoration that took place. https://www.facebook.com/WiltonCastleIreland

[12] Bence-Jones, Mark. A Guide to Irish Country Houses (originally published as Burke’s Guide to Country Houses volume 1 Ireland by Burke’s Peerage Ltd. 1978); Revised edition 1988, Constable and Company Ltd, London.

[13] p. 130, Hicks, David. Irish Country Houses: A Chronicle of Change. The Collins Press, Cork, 2012.

Here are more photographs from our visit to Johnstown Castle, also designed by Daniel Robertson.

The clock tower side of Johnstown Castle. Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com
The front entrance of Johnstown Castle – clock tower side on the right. Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com
Inside the front arch of Johnstown Castle. Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com
The front entrance of Johnstown Castle. Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com
Spectacular doorway arch to one side of Johnstown Castle. Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com
The doorway arch at Johnstown Castle features a border of carved stone heads. Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com
Carved stone heads at Johnstown Castle. Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com
Window surround detail and tracery at Johnstown Castle. Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com
A workman at Johnstown Castle. Photograph © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com

Text © Jennifer Winder-Baggot, www.irishhistorichouses.com